Garden

How to Make Leaf Mould

Collect fallen leaves and let them rot down into a dark, crumbly soil improver. It takes time but costs nothing.

OMBy Olena Marchenko · AI-assisted editorReviewed 5/31/2026

Quick answer

Gather fallen leaves in autumn. Pack them into a wire mesh bin or black bin bags. Dampen them if dry. Store in a shady corner for one to two years. The result is a dark, crumbly mulch perfect for improving soil or top-dressing beds.

Leaf mould is one of the simplest soil improvers you can make. It costs nothing, requires little effort, and turns autumn leaves into a rich, crumbly material that your plants will love.

What you’ll need

  • fallen leaves
  • wire mesh bin or black bin bags
  • garden fork
  • hose or watering can
  • shady corner

Step by step

  1. 1

    Collect leaves in autumn

    Rake fallen leaves from lawns and paths. Avoid leaves from busy roads or those showing signs of heavy disease such as black spot.

  2. 2

    Choose a container

    Use a wire mesh bin for large amounts. For small spaces, fill punctured black bin bags and tie them loosely.

  3. 3

    Pack and dampen

    Fill your container and press leaves down lightly with a fork. Spray with water if they are dry. They should be damp, not soggy.

  4. 4

    Store and wait

    Place in a shady corner. Check yearly and dampen if dry. After 12 months you will have partially rotted mulch. After 24 months it will be fine, crumbly leaf mould.

  5. 5

    Use your leaf mould

    Sieve out any twigs. Mix into potting compost, spread as a mulch, or dig into beds to improve soil structure.

Common mistakes

  • Using only evergreen leaves like holly or laurel. They rot slowly. Mix with deciduous leaves or compost them separately.
  • Letting the heap dry out completely. Dry leaves stop decomposing. Check moisture during summer.
  • Adding diseased leaves or pet waste. These can spread problems or introduce harmful bacteria.
  • Expecting results in weeks. Leaf mould needs patience. Plan for at least one full year.

Frequently asked

Can I speed up leaf mould production?

Shred leaves with a lawn mower first. Smaller pieces rot faster. Turn the heap every few months to add air.

What if I do not have many leaves?

Ask neighbours for theirs. Many people bag them for collection and will happily give them away.

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